Topographically, the central Myanmar dry zone is flat and lowland plain without havinghigh but low mountain ranges. The branches of the Northen Ranges, Shan Plateau, Rakhine Yoma and Bago Yoma are stepping on in some parts of the region.
The main drainage area of the Central Myanmar Dry Zone is the Ayeyarwady river basin. The river runs for about 270 miles (434.5 km) from North to South of the dry zone region. Frequent changes of the direction of the water courses of the Ayeyarwady River, the deposition of sediments and river bank erosions lead to the occurrence of alluvial lands and floodings. In terms of geological condition, as the dry zone is the latest land formation unit compared with the other regions of Myanmar, its geological age is relatively young with loose and porous rocks. Of these rocks, the modern sedimentary rocks are predominant. Due to the extreme weather of the region, the region’s rocks are highly suffered from physical weathering, erosion and transportation. As any single plate-tectonic movement has not yet taken place in the region, its topography is mostly flat with few large mountain ranges.
